| | 1444 (O.S.) - Nilakantha Somayaji, Indian mathematician (d. 1544) |
| | 1479 (O.S.) - Giglio Gregorio Giraldi, Italian poet (d. 1552) |
| | 1529 (O.S.) - Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria (d. 1595) |
| | 1726 - James Hutton, Scottish geologist (d. 1797) |
| | 1736 - Charles Augustin de Coulomb, French mathematician (d. 1806) |
| | 1796 - Nikolai Brashman, Russian mathematician (d. 1866) |
| | 1801 - Heber C. Kimball, American religious leader (d. 1868) |
| | 1811 - Harriet Beecher Stowe, American author (d. 1896) |
| | 1832 - Nikolaus Otto, German engineer (d. 1891) |
| | 1855 - Robert La Follette, U.S. Senator (d. 1925) |
| | 1856 - Andrey Markov, Russian mathematician (d. 1922) |
| | 1864 - Alois Alzheimer, German physician (d. 1915) |
| | 1868 - Karl Landsteiner, Austrian biologist and physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1943) |
| | 1870 - Sophia of Prussia, consort of Constantine I of Greece (d. 1932) |
| | 1871 - Jacob Ellehammer, Danish inventor (d. 1946) |
| | 1877 - Jane Bathori, French mezzo-soprano (d. 1970) |
| | 1890 - May Allison, American actress (d. 1989) |
| | 1893 - Siggie Nordstrom, Swedish singer (The Nordstrom Sisters) (d. 1980) |
| | 1894 - Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (d. 1924) |
| | 1899 - Yasunari Kawabata, Japanese writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972) |
| | 1903 - Alonzo Church, American mathematican and logician (d. 1995) |
| | 1905 - Steve Broidy, American motion picture executive (d. 1991) |
| | 1906 - Margaret Bourke-White, American photojournalist (d. 1971) |
| | 1907 - Nicolas Bentley, British writer and illustrator (d. 1978) |
| | 1909 - Burl Ives, American musician (d. 1995) |
| | 1910 - Rudolf Kempe, German conductor (d. 1976) |
| | 1916 - Dorothy McGuire, American actress (d. 2001) |
| | 1917 - Atle Selberg, Norwegian mathematician |
| | 1919 - Sam Wanamaker, American actor (d. 1993) |
| | 1921 - Gene Barry, American actor |
| | 1922 - Kevin Roche, Irish architect |
| | 1925 - Pierre Salinger, John F. Kennedy's Press Secretary (d. 2004) |
| | 1926 - Hermann Kant, German author |
| | 1926 - Don Newcombe, baseball player |
| | 1928 - Che Guevara, Argentine-born revolutionary (d. 1967) |
| | 1929 - Cy Coleman, American composer (d. 2004) |
| | 1931 - Junior Walker, Saxophonist and singer (Jr. Walker & the All Stars) |
| | 1931 - Marla Gibbs, American actress |
| | 1932 - Joe Arpaio, sheriff of Maricopa County, Arizona |
| | 1933 - Jerzy Kosinski, Polish author (d. 1999) |
| | 1933 - Vladislav Rastorotsky, Soviet gymnastics coach |
| | 1936 - Renaldo "Obie" Benson, singer (The Four Tops) (d. 2005) |
| | 1939 - John F. MacArthur, American evangelist |
| | 1939 - Steny Hoyer, U.S. Congressman |
| | 1944 - Laurie Colwin, American author (d. 1992) |
| | 1945 - Rod Argent, English musician (The Zombies) |
| | 1946 - Donald Trump, American businessman |
| | 1947 - Barry Melton, American guitarist (Country Joe and the Fish) |
| | 1949 - Jimmy Lea, British musician (Slade) |
| | 1949 - Harry Turtledove, American author |
| | 1949 - Alan White, British drummer (Yes) |
| | 1950 - Rowan Williams, 104th Archbishop of Canterbury |
| | 1951 - Paul Boateng, British politician |
| | 1952 - Pat Summitt, American basketball coach |
| | 1953 - Janet Mackey, New Zealand politician |
| | 1954 - Will Patton, American actor |
| | 1955 - Paul O'Grady, British comedian and television presenter |
| | 1956 - King Diamond, Danish singer (King Diamond, Mercyful Fate) |
| | 1958 - Eric Heiden, American speed skater |
| | 1960 - Mike Laga, baseball player |
| | 1961 - Boy George, British singer (Culture Club) |
| | 1961 - Sam Perkins, American basketball player |
| | 1964 - Stacy Burke, actress and model |
| | 1966 - Traylor Howard, actress |
| | 1967 - Kelly Nash American radio personality |
| | 1968 - Yasmine Bleeth, American actress |
| | 1969 - Steffi Graf, German tennis player |
| | 1969 - Éric Desjardins, French-Canadian hockey player |
| | 1969 - MC Ren, American rapper |
| | 1972 - Matthias Ettrich, founder of the KDE project |
| | 1973 - Ceca Raznatovic, Serbian singer |
| | 1977 - Chris McAlister, American football player |
| | 1978 - Steve Bégin, French-Canadian hockey player |
| | 1980 - Chauncey Leopardi, American actor |
| | 1981 - Lonneke Engel, Dutch model |
| | 1982 - Lang Lang, Chinese pianist |
| | 1983 - Siobhán Donaghy, British singer (Sugababes) |
| | 1983 - John Stocco, American football player |
| | 1983 - Louis Garrel, French actor |
| | 1989 - Lucy Hale, actress |